Machine for dispersing various solids and liquids



April 12,1927. M'TEAGUI'E l MACHINE FOR DISPERSING VARIOUS SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS A Filed Aug. 22, 1924, 2 Sheets-Sheet l l )I ff if /4 "W MM ,foo Y 1m l /j l! 1. if W www if uw i@ 1 /f l .ww ff W v U* I ZZ It a5 l 2 4t u M jj/jz/ J0 9 f4 f5 @l y/ 9 if f ff "il 4f j f Z4 m* L ff? j@ fj 1| r j 0. Z9 f jj M n f VV'IVM y 55 l 44 Z u Z 4Z i; l un? i@ Mw D f1-- MERWYN OTEAGUE April 12;, 1927. 1,624,567

M. c.-rEAGul-: MACHINE FORDISPERSING VAIOUS SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS Filed Auz'. 22, 1,924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 gwuvn tot MERWYN C. 'Ti-' AGUE Patented Apr. i2, 1927.

UNITED STATES CHEMICAL COMPANY, OF NAUGATUCK,

NEc'rIcUr.

PATENT oFFicE.

IEBYNl (1."1Ili'lAG'fl1l, 0F ELHHURST, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE NAUGATUCK CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CON- -Application led August 22, 1924. -Serial No. 733,524.'

This invention relates to machines for specification and claims, a beating or a 56 dispersing various solids in liquids and various liquids-in other liquids.

The principal'object of the invention is to provide means insuring a definite continuous path of travel of the materials through the treating meansv whereby the desired treatment may be accomplished in a shorter time and .0 has in a much more efficient manner than heretofore been possible.

A further object of the invention is to provide a continually operating. machine that will produce a continuous flow of the trea ted materials from the machine While the treatment of the materials in the machine is taking' place.

j. Vith the foregoing and other object-s in view, the invention consists of the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter more specifically described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown :in-embodiment of the invention, but it is to be understood that changer variations andfinodificationsv Call be resorted to which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings wherein like reference characters denote .corresponding parts throughout the several views:-

the

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional v-iew of machine substantially through the vbroken plane 1-1 of Figure 2.

igure 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the plane 2-2 of Figure 1,

igure 3 is a vertical part sectional view of the movable members ofthe co-act'ing Figure of an outlet connection struction.

T iiig ing.

ns for treating the materials, and

4' is a vertical part sectional View f of modifiedv conhe machine is lintended for use in treat! materials by subiectng them to a beataction, or a grinding or shearing action,

or 'both a beating and shearing action. In

most instances both actions probably occur to 'a greater or lessextent and participate in Asatisfactory treatment -of the materials prior to their removal from the machine. In each instance either or both of these ac- 5) tions may occur, the adjustment made. in the co-acting means governing .the effectiveness ythe disintegration, as will be obvious er when the machine is more fullyv de scribed. For the sake of simplicity in the shearing action, or both of such actions when present together, that is to say a dispersion action strictly speaking, a disintegrating ac tion, or both of such actions when present together, are referred to by the common term-dispersion action, and the machine is termed-a dispersion machine. In any case there is also present a decided pum ing action -iwhich will later be more ully described.

Among the many uses forv which the machine is adapted maybe mentioned as a few of these, the preparation of emulsions, the dispersion of clays, ferric oxide, whitiiigs, sulphur and numerous other rubber compounding ingredients, including accelerators, softeners, illers, solids in organic solvents, and color materials. Also, many chemicalreactions can be made to proceed more rapidly as a result of the intimate Contact between the `reacting substances. Also hydrolytic reactions such as that of( casein inthe presence of dilute alkalies can be greatly hastened. Also the formation of sodium resienate, the products of fat hydrolysis and numerous other similarreactions. These are only a few examples of the many possible uses to-which the machine may be put.

HAmong the advantageous novel features of the machine may be mentioned principally the provision of a inixin chamber of relativel smal volume for the co-acting means emp oyed for treating the materials to operate in, and the provision of means for insuring a definite path of travel through the chamber of the materials, to' and from the co-'acting means whereby the materials will pass through the co-actin means and then through the definite anc short path 95 provided and back again to the co-acting means for a. furthe-r treatment.

A further feature ofthe machine is the provision of an outlet. for removing the. treated'materials from the chamber and an 100 inlet for'fadniitting untreated materials to the chamber that may be regulated vto'pervmit the materials to remain in the mixing chamber for a "suliicient time to insure a thorough treatment thereof and to permit 10i of a substantially constant flow of the treated materials from the machine.

provision of adj usting means for varying the distance between the co-acting means to effeet the most suitable adjustment thereof for the particuar materials to be treated and the results sought.

The machine in the present instance is of the vertical type but with suitable obvious slight changes it can be transformed to a horizontal machine, if desired The cylindrical drum 1 constituting the main body portion of the machine is bolted upon the legs 2. The drum is double-walled to provide a jacket-3 for the circulation of cooling water or other medium. The jacket is provided with the tapped orifices 4 to connect it with means (not shown) for supplying the medium and circulating same through the jacket.

The cylindrical drum 1 is provided interiorly with a vertical cylindrical mixing chamber 5. A circular late 6 is bolted to the drum to serve as a c osure for the lower end and a'circular plate 7 is likewise bolted to the drum to serve as .a closure or cover for the upper end. This cover is provided with orifices 8 through which the materials being treated may be seen and through which the machine ma be thoroughly washed when desired. Til/viese orifices may be eliminated if desired to provide a tightly enclosed chamber which will be necessary in instances where a variation in pressure from the atmospheric pressure, as for instance a partial vacuum or a positive pressure. is

desired The cover is provided with a central orifice9 for engaging a cylindrical casing 10 in which are housed the ball bearingsl 11. A vertical shaft 12 is rotatably mounted in these bearings and has its upper end rotatably mounted in other bearings 13 housed in the frame 14 bolted with the cover 7 to the drum 1. A ulley 15 is secured pn the shaft between t 1e sets of ball bear,- m s.

1`he casing 10 is formed integral with a circular plate 16. The plate is threaded on it-s exterior cylindrical Wall 1,7 to engage the interiorly threaded portion 18 of the cylindrical wall forming the drum 1. The plate is provided with orifices 19 -or the same reasons that the orifices 8 are provided in the cover 7 and to further permit the chamber to be filled above this plate when desired, althou h it will rarely hap n that it will be. esirable to fill the cham r above this plate. The plate 16 may be turned about the shaft and thereby raised or lowered due to its threaded connection with the chamber, the engagement between the casing 10 and orifice 9 being such as `to permit a rotating and longitudinal movementof the casing in said orifice. Means are providedin the casing 10 asfor instance recesses, one being shown at 20, for engaging a wrench or other suitable tool for turning the casing and integrally formed plate 16 'for raising or lowering the plate, this movement of the plate being for a purpose that will later appear. A collar 21 is secured on the shaft 12 between the sets of ball bearings 11 and another collar 22 is secured on the shaft on the opposite side ot' the upper set of ball bearings 11 whereby the shaft will be secured against axial movement relative to the plate 16 and will therefore move up and down with this plate.

, The mixing chamber proper is beneath the plate 16 within which is dis osed the coacting means 23 comprising xed members 24 each fr rmed with a row of tooth-like projections 25 and movable members 26 each formed with a row of tooth-like projections 27 for co-action with theprojections 25 for producing the dispersion and pumping actions upon the materials as will later more fully appear. The movable members 26 are secured upon the shaft 1 2 to rotate therewith.

The members 24 are termed fixed members on account of their being fixed during the treatment of the materials, but means ane provided for moving them with the rotatable members axially 4whereby a simultaneous relative radial movement will be effected to adjust the distance between the co-acting parts of the fixed and rotatable projections when in functioning relation. This is accomplished in the present instance by providing adjusting means for positively moving the members 24 in a radlal direction in a manner that will presently be described.

The mixing chamber 5 is provided with an outer wall 28 which in the present instance is divided into a number of parts, each constituting a. front wall of a coredout segmental member 29 secured to a portion 30 of the inner wall of the cylindrical drum 1 by screws 31. The wall of the cyl.- inder upon which the members 29 are secured is inclined to the axis of the shaft 12 and the wall 28 is supported to leave a Space vat the top and bottom to thereby provide annular portions 32 and 33 at the top and4 bottom of the mixing chamber to afford communication between the chamber '5 and the space beyond the wall 28 provided by the cored-out portions of the segmental members 29. As thus described the interior of the drum 1 is divided by the partition or wall 28 into a mixing chamber disposed interiorly of the partition andan auxiliary passage disposed exteriorl of the Wall or partition.` The passage is 1n communication `with the chamber at s aced points for repeatedly circulating t e materials being treated through the `mixing chamber and through the coacting means. It is to be understood however that my invention includesbroadly means for producing a deliture as just the outer side of the wall 28. are shaped to provide dove-tailed grooves 36 chamber and passage ',ifcircumferentially by the wall 28 and the two` being divided transversely to nite circulating path in a dispersion machine and lthat the construction of thisy feadescribed sets forth merely a single embodiment for it is obvious that other constructions of by paths orpassages may be employed to produce the definite path if desired. The mixing chamber and the passage beyond the wall 28 are divided transversely to form sections- 34. The se mental members 29 are closed atytheir en s by walls to separate the portions of the sections 34 within-the passage, one from another, that is to say, on The walls 35 for slidably engaging the members 24 which are T-shaped to fit within the said grooves and are provided with the inclined rear walls 37 to engage the inclined walls of the portions 30. The projections 25 of these mem-bers 24 extend transversely into the mixing chambery and serve to separate the portions of the sections 34 within the chamber, that is to say on the inner side of the wall 28 opposite to the walls 35. The being "thus divided form the sections 34 provides not only a definite circulating path from one side to the other' side of the wall through 'the chamber and but also provides a definite circulatpassage, v

wherein the materlals move from ing path ,one section to the adjacent forward section in a progressive manner as they pass around the partition or wall 28 as .will later more fully appear.

A circular plate 38 is threaded on its outer circumference' 39 to engage the threads' 40 on the inner circumference of a portion of the drum 1 in a similar manner to the plate 16 and serves as a support for the members 24, and like"plate 16, may be rotated to raise or lower it for a purpose that will presently appear. The pla-te is providedA with a centrally disposedhub 41 extending through 'an orifice 42 formed in the plate 6.- The hub 41 is provided with recesses, one being shown at 43 for the reception 'of a wrench or 'other device for turning the plate 38,'the` connection between the hub 41v and orifice 42 being suitablefor permitting. the hub to rotateand move axially therein.y vA packing 44 is preferably provided in the orifice 42 for preventing leakage from the. chamber and a similar packing will .preferably be provided between the casing 1() and orifice 9 where the cover 7- is of the entirely closed type and especially in constructions where the cover is disposed in closer proximity to the plate 16, that isto say, in close proximity to the vfilled portion ofthe chamber, in which instar'ice there would be a. 4,greaterlikelihood of the materials working cat through thejoint; Likewise, a stuffing and co-aeting means a to the casing 10 which will serve to check thev Inaterialsfrom working into the joint and tend to throw off whatever 'liquid may come in contact therewith by centrifugal force as the shaft rotates.

The co-acting rows of projections 7'25 and 27 are arranged to produce a pumping action on the materials passing between them to force the materials through the path around the wall 28 and progressively from one of the sections 34 to the next section in advance and bacia again through the coacting means -in the most effective manner. This is accomplished by setting the projections of the rows of one set of the members in step fashion. vIn the present instance the projections 27 in the .rows of rotatable members 26 are stepped as clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3 to permit of their consecutive co-action with the projections in the rows of the 'fixed members 24 in the direction of movement of the materials produced by this pumping action, which in the present instance is in a downward direction through the chamber 5.

The projections are further arranged to permit-the movable projections to pass in close proximity to the fixed projections one at a time. rlthis is accomplished bystepping the teeth in the several rows at a sufficient angular distance apart to permit only one 'tooth in any pair of co-acting rows to be in effective cooperative relation with another at a time, and to provide more rows in one of the series than in the other. In the pres. ent instance `our rows' of projections are stationary and five rows are movable, as clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3. By this construction only three projections will be in cooperation at a time so that a maximum amount of applied power may be centered thereon to most effectively produce the ac.

tions upon the materials.

By controlling the outlet and inlet to the chamber 5 they may be made to operate to maintain the desired amount of materials in the chamber for the desired length 'of time to produce the complete treatment of the 'materials before they leave the machine. To this end, the outlet and inlet may be vregulated with any given speed ofthe pumping lmeans to provide a vrepeated movement of the materials through the circulating path sufficient number of times to'eectv a complete treatment of the materials, while at the same time ermit' tino a continuous'fiow of the treate' materials from the chamber. v There are several ways ofjaccmplishlng this.l In the present instance the plate 38 and hub 41 are provided with an exit oriiice. 46 threaded at its lower end. In this lower end may be secured the piping shown in Figure 4. This comprises a nipple 47 for screwing into the exit 46, a section 48 provided with a control valve 49, and an inverted U-shaped .section 50 provided with an o ening 51 and a sleeve'52 telescoped u on t ie section 48, the sleeve being provide with a packing 53 to prevent leakage. The inlet (not shown) may be merely a pipe passing through one of the orifices 8 and connected with asource of sup3ply and provided with a valve. j

y the foregoing construction the valve in the inlet may be adjusted to furnish a continual supply of the untreated material in the required amount, and the valve 49 may remain open but with the height of 65 in inverted U-section 50 adjusted so as to provide the desired height ofthe materials in the chamber 5. The outlet and inlet may thus be adjusted to cooperate to maintain a continuous flow from the machine and at the same time to maintain a uniform amount of materials in the chamber, the materials being treated at an time being held in the chamber a sufficient length of time to produce-through the further action 0f the co-acting means the required number of circulations tothoroughly treat the materials as above set forth. The section 50 is made of rather large size pipe so as not to restrict the'outilow and is provided with the opening 51 to prevent siphoning ofV the materials from the chamber. If desired several inlets may be furnished for separately admitting the various materials into the chamber.

In the form of construction just described the treatment may be said to be dependent upon the feed control. InlFigure 1 a different construction is shown where the treatment may be said to be under the outlet control. Here a conduit 54 is provided having its o posite ends 55 and 56 in communiy cation with the chamber 5 at opposite sides of the co-acting pumping means, the end 55 being conveniently inserted through one of the orifices 8 as shown, and the end 56 being screwed in the outlet 46. A supply conduit 57 provided with a control 58 is connected to the conduit 54 at, one end and at its other end to' a receptacle 59 which contains the supply of the untreated materials. control valve 60 between the valve 58 and Athe end 55. An outlet conduit 61 is -connected to the conduit 54 near the end 56 and is provided with a control valve 62,y which corresponds with valve 49 m Fig. 4. The operation of this-piping system will later appear.l c 1 The operation of the machme 1s as follows z-First the proper adjustment of the' The conduit54 is furnished with a4 co-acting means 23 is effected. This is accomplished, for instance if a closer interfitting of the co-acting means is desired, by first rotating the plate 16 in a proper direction to raise it the required amount. The casing 10 is suitably ycalibrated about its upper circumference as at 63 and an index 64 is secured to thel cover plate 7 so that thel plate 16 may be raised orlowered as indi cated by the index to the exact position required. The raising of the plate simultaneou:ly raises the shaft 12 and co-acting means 23. The members 24 being slidably mounted on the walls inclined to the axis of the shaft arenot only moved vaxially by the rotation of the plate 16, but in moving along saidinclines are simultaneously moved radially to cause their projections to more clo:e ly interfit with the projections 27 of the rotating members to effect the desired adjustment. The plate 38 is then turned in the proper direction to raise it and bring it into contact with the members 24. Obviously if an adjustment in the'reverse direction is desired the operation just described will be'reversed, namely, the plate 38 will first be lowered out of the way and then the plate 16 will be lowered until the indicator 64 designates the proper adjustment after which thel plate 38 will be raised into contact with the members 24. The co-acting parts may thus be brought into the most effective ositions to exert the maximum shearing, the particular materials that are t0 be treated.

While the machine may be operated simply by pouring a charge of the material into the chamber and after it has been suiiciently treated removing it from the chamber and placing a fresh supplytherein, I prefer to employ suitable feeding and dis* charging means that will permit the machine to operate continuously. Therefore, after making the desired adj ustment' of the co-acting means the machine may be ,o rated either by the feed control or out et control method as mentioned above. In case the feed control method is employed the material to betreated is simply introduced into the chamber 5 through a control valve, passed through the machine at the desired rate` and through the valve 49 and. the inverted U tube 48-52, yFigure 4. The admission of the untreated materials will be made to the chamber at a continuous rate sufficient to permit them to be acted upon by the co-actng means the required number of times, that is to say, to permit a circulation of the materials through the chamber and through the co-acting means the required number of times to effect the delsired treatment before leaving through the exit 46. The height ofthe material in the ating and pumping actions upon lll) - the adjustment reaction chamber isof course maintained by4 of the height of 65 in Figure 4.

If, on the other hand, the outlet control method is employed the piping is arranged as shown in Figurel'. The admission of the untreated material into the machine and the How of the treated material out of the machine throu h exit pipe 61 is controlled by valve 62. n thissetLup, valve. 58 is partially open and valve 60 somewhat less widev ly opened in such away that when valve 62 is closed or partially closed the portion of the treated material iowing out through 46 is returned through conduit 54 and automatically retards the/inflow ofthe vuntreated material through valve 58 and returns to tlie chamber. through valve '60 and inlet 55. Thusin the saine proportion as the treated material is retained by valve 62 just so the admission of the untreated material through valve 58 is retarded. Obviously the machine could be operated intermittently, as in the former method, by merely `retaining a quantity of the material in the machine for a desired length of time before rremoving any of it; or in the latter case, by repeatedly i passing the material through the machine and likewise through conduit 54.

In the speciic embodiment shown in they drawings the materials will be forced by the consecutively acting projections 27 vof each row downward on the inner sidelof the` wall materials thus pass around'the wall and pron gressively from one section to the section in advance, and at each complete circulation around the wall 28 passt-hrough the co-.act-l ing Vmeans until the required treatment is effected'. I

As many apparently widely dierent embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit thereof, it is to be vunderstood thatA lf do notV intend to` limit myself to the specific form of the invention as set forth except as indicated in the lvappended claims. f

Having thus described my invention, what I -claim and desireto protect by Letters .Patent is j,

1. A dispersion machine .comprising af vmixing chamber, series, of stationary and movable interengaging project-ions disposed in said chamber, andmeans for simultaneously adjusting both said series of projections,

.2. A dispersion machine comprising 'a mixing chamber, series of stationary'and mov able intel-engaging projections disposed in said chamber, and means for simultaneously adjusting said series 'of projections in unison in one direction and relatively to each other fin another direction.

3. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, series of stationary projections aroundthe wall of same, series of rotary projections interengageable with the stationary ones, and l,means for adjusting both series along `thel axis of rotation of the rotary projections.

4. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein, and an auxiliary'passage divided into sections each in communication with said chamber. at spaced points for repeatedly circulating the material' being treated through said mixing chamber. d

5, A dispersion machine. comprising, a mixing chamber, co-acting means within the chamber Afor, treating the material -contained therein having fixed members dividing the chamber into sections, and an auxiliary passage divided into sections in com? munication with the sections ot said chamber at spaced points for repeatedly circulating the material heilig treatedthrough'said mixing chamber. I

6. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein havingfixed and movable simultaneously adjustable members formed each with a` plurality of tootli-like interengaging projections, and an auxiliary passage in' communication with said chamber at spaced points for'repeatedly circulatingthe material being treated through said mixing chamber. i

7. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, andco-acting means within the chamber `for treating thematerial con-A tained therein having fixed and movable members formed each with series of toothlike projections, said projections'iiione of the series being stepped and being arranged to permit a series of movable projections to enter into engagement with a series of fixed projections only one at a time.

8. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, and co-act-ing means within the chamber .for treating the material concontained therein including, pumping of the material having fixed and movable members constituting respectively series of rows` of tooth-'like projectionsl,fthe projections in the rowsin one of said series being stepped to permitthe engagement of the projectionsof tions in the rows in one of said series being i stepped to permit the engagement of the proeachjjwithyapluiaiity tooth-likeY jections of a movable row with those of a fixed row bein effected consecutively in the direction o movement of the material produced by the pumpin action.

10. A dispersion maciine comprising a mixing chamber, and co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein including pumping of the material having fixed and movable members constituting respectively series of rows of `tooth-like projections, onelof said series havling more rows than the other, the projections `in the rows in one of said series being stepped to permit the engagement of the projections of a movable row with those of a fixedrow being effected. consecutively in the direction of movement of the material produced by the pumping action, said projections being arranged to permit the movable projections to enter into engagement with the fixed projections one at a time.

11. A dispersion machine comprising a mixing chamber, and co-acting means within the chamber for treating Vthe material contained therein including pumping of the material having fixed and movab e members formed cach wlth a row of tooth-like projections,l there being la greater number of movable rows than fixed rows, the projections in said movable rows being stepped to permit of their engagement with the projections of the fixed rows consecutively in the direction of movement of the material produced by the pumping action," said projections being arranged to permit the movable projections to enter into engagement with the fixed rejections one at a time.

12. A dispersionv machine comprising a mixing chamber,`coacting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein having fixed andy rotary members formed each `with a. plurality of tooth-like linteren'gaging projections, and adjusting "means for imparting a compound adjustment to said fixed projections.

4- 13. A dispersion machine comprising, a mixing chamber, co-acting means Vwithin the chamber for treatin Y the material contained therein having` x and rotatable members projections, and means for moving said fixed members simultaneously axially of said rotatable members whereby a relative radial movement will be effected to adjust the distance betweenthe engaging parts of said fixed and rotatabe projections when in functioning relation. j

14. A dispersion machine comprising a chamber for the material treated, a shaft having its axis disposed axially of the chamber, co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein having members slidably mounted on walls of said chamber inclined to said axis and rotatable members mounted on said shaft, said slidably mounted and rotatable members being formed each with a plurality of toothlike rojections, and means for moving said mem ers simultaneously axially of said shaft whereby said slidably mounted members will move along said inclines to effect a radial movement thereof to vary the distance between the engaging parts of said projections when iln functioning relation.

15. A dispersion machine comprising a chamber for the material treated, a shaft having its axis disposed axially of the chamber, co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein having members slidably mounted on walls of said chamber inclined to said axis and rotatable members mounted on said shaft, said slidably mounted and rotatable members being formed each with a plurality of toothlike projections, plates threaded in said chamber at each end of said slidable members adapted to move axially when rotated whereby said`v members will move simultaneously axially ,of said shaft and-.said slidably mounted members will move along said, inclines to effect a radial movement thereof to vary the distance between the engaging parts of said projections when in functioning relation.

j 16. A dispersion machine comprisingl a chamber, co-acting means within the chamber for treating the material contained therein including pumping of the material, a conduit havlng its ends in communication with the chamber at o posite sides of the co-acting means, an out et for'removing the treated material from the chamber, an inlet for admitting untreated material to the chamber' through said conduit, and contrJls for said conduit, outlet and inlet, whereby the pumping action will produce a repeated circu`ation of the materia through said conduit and chamber until the treatment is 4completed and a continuous discharge of the treated material from the machine.

j Signed at New York, county and State of New York. this 20 day of August, 1924,

f MERWYN o. TEAGUEQ 

